Composer

:

William Byrd

Genre

:

Choral

Style

:

Motet

Average_duration

:

4:35

'Attollite portas' is a sacred motet composed by William Byrd, an English composer of the Renaissance period. The piece was composed in the late 16th century, around 1590, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. It was first performed in the Chapel Royal, London, and was later published in Byrd's collection of Gradualia in 1605. The motet is written for five voices, with the text taken from Psalm 24. The piece is divided into three movements, each with its own distinct character and mood. The first movement is marked by a lively and rhythmic opening, with the voices entering one by one in imitation. The second movement is slower and more contemplative, with a rich and complex harmonic texture. The final movement is a joyful and triumphant conclusion, with the voices soaring in a grand and majestic finale. One of the most striking characteristics of 'Attollite portas' is its use of vivid and expressive word painting. Byrd's music is closely matched to the text of the psalm, with each phrase and word given its own musical treatment. For example, the opening phrase "Attollite portas, principes, vestras" (Lift up your heads, O ye gates) is set to a rising and triumphant melody, while the phrase "et introibit rex gloriae" (and the King of glory shall come in) is accompanied by a rich and sonorous chord progression. Overall, 'Attollite portas' is a masterful example of Renaissance polyphony, showcasing Byrd's skill in combining complex counterpoint with expressive and vivid word painting. Its premiere in the Chapel Royal would have been a grand and impressive occasion, and the piece remains a beloved and enduring work of sacred choral music to this day.

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