Composer

:

Johann Adolf Hasse

Genre

:

Opera

Style

:

Opera

"Viriate" is an opera seria composed by Johann Adolf Hasse in 1733. The plot is based on the historical figure of Viriathus, a Lusitanian warrior who fought against the Roman Empire in the 2nd century BC. The libretto was written by Pietro Metastasio, one of the most prominent librettists of the time. The opera is divided into three acts and features a cast of six principal singers, including the title role of Viriate, sung by a tenor. The other roles include the Roman general Galba, sung by a bass, and the Lusitanian princess Julia, sung by a soprano. The first act opens with a chorus of Lusitanians celebrating their victory over the Romans. Viriate enters and is hailed as their leader. He sings an aria expressing his love for his homeland and his determination to defend it against the invaders. Julia, who is in love with Viriate, enters and sings an aria expressing her admiration for him. In the second act, Galba arrives with his army and offers peace to the Lusitanians. Viriate is suspicious of the Romans and refuses to accept the offer. Julia tries to convince Viriate to accept the peace, but he remains steadfast in his determination to fight. The third act features a battle between the Lusitanians and the Romans. Viriate is wounded but continues to fight. Julia is captured by the Romans and brought before Galba. She sings an aria expressing her love for Viriate and her sorrow at being separated from him. Viriate enters and confronts Galba. He sings an aria expressing his defiance and his determination to continue fighting. The opera ends with a chorus of Lusitanians mourning the death of Viriate. "Viriate" premiered in Naples in 1733 and was a great success. It was performed throughout Europe and remained in the repertoire of many opera houses for several decades. The opera is notable for its use of the da capo aria form, which was popular in the opera seria genre. The music is characterized by its lyrical melodies, expressive harmonies, and virtuosic vocal writing. Hasse was one of the most prominent composers of opera seria in the 18th century, and "Viriate" is considered one of his finest works.

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