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Liu Tie-Shan, also known as Yuan Mao, was a renowned Chinese composer of classical music. He was born on October 1, 1895, in the city of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China. Liu Tie-Shan was born into a family of musicians, and his father was a famous musician and composer. From a young age, Liu Tie-Shan showed a keen interest in music and began studying the erhu, a traditional Chinese instrument, under his father's guidance. Liu Tie-Shan's musical talent was evident from an early age, and he quickly became a skilled musician. He went on to study at the Shanghai Conservatory of Music, where he honed his skills in composition and music theory. During his time at the conservatory, Liu Tie-Shan was exposed to a wide range of musical styles, including Western classical music, which had a significant influence on his compositions. In the 1920s, Liu Tie-Shan began to gain recognition as a composer, and his works were performed at various concerts and events. He was particularly known for his compositions for the erhu, which he played himself. Liu Tie-Shan's music was characterized by its fusion of traditional Chinese music with Western classical music, creating a unique and distinctive sound. One of Liu Tie-Shan's most famous works is the Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto, which he composed in 1959. The concerto tells the story of two lovers, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, who are separated by social class and ultimately die tragically. The concerto is a fusion of traditional Chinese music and Western classical music, and it has become one of the most popular pieces of classical music in China. Another notable work by Liu Tie-Shan is the Yellow River Cantata, which he composed in 1939. The cantata is based on a poem by Guang Weiran and tells the story of the Yellow River, which is considered the cradle of Chinese civilization. The cantata is a celebration of Chinese culture and history, and it has become a beloved piece of music in China. Throughout his career, Liu Tie-Shan was recognized for his contributions to Chinese classical music. He was awarded numerous honors and awards, including the National Prize for Art and Literature in 1956 and the title of "People's Artist" in 1963. Liu Tie-Shan continued to compose music until his death on August 23, 1966, in Beijing, China. In conclusion, Liu Tie-Shan was a talented and influential composer of classical music in China. His fusion of traditional Chinese music with Western classical music created a unique and distinctive sound that has become a hallmark of Chinese classical music. His works, including the Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto and the Yellow River Cantata, continue to be celebrated and performed today, cementing his legacy as one of the most important composers in Chinese music history.

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